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Active Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15)
PDF; MIC1; NAG-1; PLAB; PTGFB; Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1; NSAID-activated gene 1 protein; Placental bone morphogenetic protein; Prostate differentiation factor
- Product No.APC034Hu62
- Organism SpeciesHomo sapiens (Human) Same name, Different species.
- Buffer FormulationPBS, pH7.4, containing 5% Trehalose.
- Traits Freeze-dried powder
- Purity> 95%
- Isoelectric Point7.9
- ApplicationsCell culture; Activity Assays.
- DownloadInstruction Manual
- UOM 10µg50µg 200µg 1mg 5mg
- FOB
US$ 204
US$ 510
US$ 1020
US$ 3060
US$ 7650
For more details, please contact local distributors!
ACTIVITY TEST
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF-15), also called Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine 1 (MIC-1), is a divergent member of the Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-beta ) superfamily. Human GDF-15 shares 66% and 68% amino acid sequence identity with the rat and mouse proteins, respectively. GDF-15 is highly expressed in placenta and brain, and it is expressed at lower levels in kidney, pancreas, prostate, and colon. Similar to other TGF-beta family proteins, GDF-15 is synthesized as a large precursor protein that is cleaved at a dibasic cleavage site (RxxR) to release the mature protein. Biologically active GDF-15 is a disulfide-linked homodimer of the mature protein. GDF 15 has been shown to have various functions, including inhibition of Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-alpha ) production from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages and the induction of cartilage formation. A functional ELISA assay was conducted to detect the interaction of recombinant human GDF-15 and recombinant human Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor II (TGFbR2). Briefly, biotin-linked GDF-15 were diluted serially in PBS, with 0.01% BSA (pH 7.4). Duplicate samples of 100 ul were then transferred to TGFbR2-coated microtiter wells and incubated for 1h at 37 ℃. Wells were washed with PBST 3 times and incubation with Streptavidin-HRP for 30min, then wells were aspirated and washed 5 times. With the addition of substrate solution, wells were incubated 15-25 minutes at 37 ℃. Finally, add 50 µl stop solution to the wells and read at 450 nm immediately. The binding activity of GDF-15 and TGFbR2 was shown in Figure 1, the EC50 for this effect is 7.002 ug/mL.
USAGE
Reconstitute in 10mM PBS (pH7.4) to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Do not vortex.
STORAGE
Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. Store at 2-8°C for one month. Aliquot and store at -80°C for 12 months.
STABILITY
The thermal stability is described by the loss rate. The loss rate was determined by accelerated thermal degradation test, that is, incubate the protein at 37°C for 48h, and no obvious degradation and precipitation were observed. The loss rate is less than 5% within the expiration date under appropriate storage condition.
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| Magazine | Citations |
| Clinical cardiology | Growth Differentiation Factor 15 and Coronary Collateral Formation PubMed: 20014173 |
| Personalized Medicine | Elevated levels of GDF-15 is associated with increased angiotensin II in hypertensive patients with Type 2 diabetes pme-2016-0030 |
| LIFE SCIENCES | Rapamycin improves renal injury induced by Iodixanol in diabetic rats by deactivating the mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway Pubmed: 32798557 |
| Microbiome changes in patients with chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction correlate with fibrosis markers: Description of a Russian cohort | |
| SEMINARS IN DIALYSIS | Serum NT©\proBNP levels are associated with cognitive functions in hemodialysis patients 33423325 |
| Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology | Is GDF-15 level associated with gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse perinatal outcomes? 33678319 |
| J Inflamm Res | Changes in Plasma Growth Differentiation Factor-15 After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Morbidly Obese Patients: A Prospective Study 33880052 |
| Russian Journal of Cardiology | Predictive value of growth differentiation factor-15 in patients with myocardial infarction |
| Nutrients | High Fat, High Sugar Diet and DJOS Bariatric Surgery Influence Plasma Levels of Fetuin-B, Growth Differentiation Factor-15, and Pentraxin 3 in Diet-Induced Obese … 34684637 |
| Nat Metab | Small extracellular vesicle-mediated targeting of hypothalamic AMPKα1 corrects obesity through BAT activation 34675439 |
| Acta Cardiol Sin | Growth Differentiation Factor 15 is Related with Left Ventricular Recovery in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction after Successful Reperfusion by … 34584380 |
| Surgical Endoscopy | The effect of bariatric surgery on the expression of Growth Differentiation Factor-15/Macrophage-Inhibitory Cytokine-1 (GDF-15/MIC-1) in rat Pubmed:35029766 |
| Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis | Plasma growth differentiation factor‐15 in patients with “lone” atrial fibrillation Pubmed:35334497 |