Active Chemokine C-X3-C-Motif Ligand 1 (CX3CL1)

Figure. The chemotactic effect of CX3CL1 on THP-1 cells.
Chemokine C-X3-C-Motif Ligand 1 (CX3CL1) also known as fractalkine is a large cytokine protein of 373 amino acids, it contains multiple domains and is the only known member of the CX3C chemokine family. Soluble CX3CL1 potently chemoattracts T cells and monocytes, while the cell-bound chemokine promotes strong adhesion of leukocytes to activated endothelial cells, where it is primarily expressed. Thus, chemotaxis assay used 24-well microchemotaxis system was undertaken to detect the chemotactic effect of CX3CL1 on the human monocytic cell line THP-1. Briefly, THP-1 cells were seeded into the upper chambers (150uL cell suspension, 106 cells/mL in RPMI 1640 with FBS free) and SLC (1ng/mL, 10ng/mL, 100ng/mL and 1000ng/mL diluted separately in serum free RPMI 1640 ) was added in lower chamber with a polycarbonate filter (8um pore size) used to separate the two compartments. After incubation at 37℃ with 5% CO2 for 1h, the filter was removed, then cells in low chamber were observed by inverted microscope at low magnification (×100) and the number of migrated cells were counted at high magnification (×400) randomly (five fields for each filter). Result shows CX3CL1 is able to induce migration of THP-1 cells. The migrated Jurkat cells in low chamber at low magnification (×100) were shown in Figure 1. Five fields of each chamber were randomly chosen, and the migrated cells were counted at high magnification (×400). Statistical results were shown in Figure 2. The optimum chemotaxis of CX3CL1 occurs at 1-1000ng/mL.
(A) THP-1 cells were seeded into the upper chambers and serum free RPMI 1640 with 10ng/mL CX3CL1 was added in lower chamber, then cells in lower chamber were observed at low magnification (×100) after incubation for 1h;
(B) THP-1 cells were seeded into the upper chambers and serum free RPMI 1640 without CX3CL1 was added in lower chamber, then cells in lower chamber were observed at low magnification (×100) after incubation for 1h.

Figure. The chemotactic effect of CX3CL1 on THP-1 cells.