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Active Chemokine C-X3-C-Motif Ligand 1 (CX3CL1)

NTN; ABCD3; C3Xkine; CXC3; CXC3C; NTT; SCYD1; ABCD3; FKN; Neurotactin; Fractalkine; Small Inducible Cytokine Subfamily D(Cys-X3-Cys)Member 1

ACTIVITY TEST

Chemokine C-X3-C-Motif Ligand 1 (CX3CL1) also known as fractalkine is a large cytokine protein of 373 amino acids, it contains multiple domains and is the only known member of the CX3C chemokine family. Soluble CX3CL1 potently chemoattracts T cells and monocytes, while the cell-bound chemokine promotes strong adhesion of leukocytes to activated endothelial cells, where it is primarily expressed.Thus, chemotaxis assay used 24-well microchemotaxis system was undertaken to detect the chemotactic effect of CX3CL1 on the human monocytic cell line THP-1. Briefly, THP-1 cells were seeded into the upper chambers (150ul cell suspension,106 cells/ml in RPMI 1640 with FBS free) and CX3CL1 (0.1ng/ml, 0.01ng/ml ,0.001ng/ml, 0.0001 and 0.00001ng/ml diluted separately in serum free RPMI 1640 ) was added in lower chamber with a polycarbonate filter(8um pore size) used to separate the two compartments. After incubation at 37℃ with 5% CO2 for 1h, the filter was removed,then cells in low chamber were observed by inverted microscope at low magnification (×10) and the number of migrated cells were counted using Fluorescence Activating Cell Sorter. Result shows CX3CL1 is able to induce migration of THP-1 cells. The migrated THP-1 cells in low chamber at low magnification(×10) were shown in Figure 1. Statistical results of FACS were shown in Figure 2. The optimum chemotaxis of CX3CL1 occurs at 0.001-0.00001ng/ml.

Figure 2.The chemotactic effect of CX3CL1 on THP-1 cells

USAGE

Reconstitute in 10mM PBS (pH7.4) to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Do not vortex.

STORAGE

Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. Store at 2-8°C for one month. Aliquot and store at -80°C for 12 months.

STABILITY

The thermal stability is described by the loss rate. The loss rate was determined by accelerated thermal degradation test, that is, incubate the protein at 37°C for 48h, and no obvious degradation and precipitation were observed. The loss rate is less than 5% within the expiration date under appropriate storage condition.

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Magazine Citations
World Journal of Gastroenterology Preliminary study correlating CX3CL1/CX3CR1 expression with gastric carcinoma and gastric carcinoma perineural invasion NCBI: PMC3989981
International Journal of Colorectal Disease Downregulation of CX3CR1 ameliorates experimental colitis: evidence for CX3CL1-CX3CR1-mediated immune cell recruitment. pubmed:27942903
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Reduced CX3CL1 Secretion Contributes to the Susceptibility of Oral Leukoplakia-Associated Fibroblasts to Candida albicans. pubmed:27891323
Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis Low shear stress upregulates the expression of fractalkine through the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases in endothelial cells Pubmed:29406386
Journal of Neuroinflammation The prenatal challenge with lipopolysaccharide and polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid disrupts CX3CL1-CX3CR1 and CD200-CD200R signalling in the brains of … Pubmed: 32829711
Cells Maternal Immune Activation Sensitizes Male Offspring Rats to Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Microglial Deficits Involving the Dysfunction of CD200–CD200R and … Pubmed: 32664639
Journal of Neuroinflammation CX3CR1-microglia mediates neuroinflammation and blood pressure regulation in the nucleus tractus solitarii of fructose-induced hypertensive rats Pubmed: 32532282
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH Potential biomarkers reflecting inflammation in patients with severe periodontitis: Fractalkine (CX3CL1) and its receptor (CX3CR1) 33641164
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