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Active Galectin 9 (GAL9)

LGALS9; Ecalectin; Lectin,Galactoside-Binding Soluble 9; Tumor antigen HOM-HD-21

ACTIVITY TEST

Galectin 9 (GAL9) is a member of the β-galactoside–binding galectin family. Galectin-9 is found outside of cells and may be exported by non-classical pathways. Galectin 9 exhibits a variety of biological activities, the majority of which have focused on its immunomodulatory role toward lymphocytes, were it shows specific interactions with TIM-3, and can negatively regulate Th1 type immunity. It also can agglutinate red blood. In this case, we chose rabbit erythrocyte (RaE) to assay its ability of agglutination. A general procedure for hemagglutination assay (or haemagglutination assay; HA) is as follows, two-fold dilute the recombinant human GAL9 with 0.9% sodium chloride injection, add 50μL a serial dilution of GAL9 to each well of a U or V-bottom shaped 96-well microtiter plate. The final well serves as a negative control with no GAL9, replace with 50μL 0.9% sodium chloride injection. Then add 50μL 1% rabbit erythrocyte to each well and mixed gently. The plate is incubated for 3 hours at room temperature. The results were shown in Figure 1. It was obvious that the minimal effective concentration of GAL9 is 3.125 μg/mL.

Figure 2. The hemagglutination assay of GAL9 in V- bottom shaped 96-well microtiter plate.

USAGE

Reconstitute in 10mM PBS (pH7.4) to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Do not vortex.

STORAGE

Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. Store at 2-8°C for one month. Aliquot and store at -80°C for 12 months.

STABILITY

The thermal stability is described by the loss rate. The loss rate was determined by accelerated thermal degradation test, that is, incubate the protein at 37°C for 48h, and no obvious degradation and precipitation were observed. The loss rate is less than 5% within the expiration date under appropriate storage condition.

GIVEAWAYS

INCREMENT SERVICES

Magazine Citations
American Journal of Nephrology Temporal Increases in Urinary Carboxymethyllysine Correlate with Albuminuria Development in Diabetes Karger: 328581
Clinical Immunology Galectin-9 administration ameliorates CVB3 induced myocarditis by promoting the proliferation of regulatory T cells and alternatively activated Th2 cells ScienceDirect: S1521661611001057
Renal Failure Rat Renal Interstitial Fibroblasts Affect the Th1/Th2 Profile In Vitro Pubmed: 22013937
BMC Nephrol Serum galectin-9 levels are elevated in the patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease PubMed: 23339460
Retrovirology Dysregulated Tim-3 expression on natural killer cells is associated with increased Galectin-9 levels in HIV-1 infection PubMed: PMC3750478
PLoS One. Upregulation of the Tim-3/Galectin-9 Pathway of T Cell Exhaustion in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection PubMed: PMC3480425
PLoS Pathogens Galectin-9 and IL-21 Mediate Cross-regulation between Th17 and Treg Cells during Acute Hepatitis C PubMed: PMC3688567
PLOS ONE Graves’ Disease Is Associated with a Defective Expression of the Immune Regulatory Molecule Galectin-9 in Antigen-Presenting Dendritic Cells PubMed: 25880730
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology Molecules of Damage-Associated Patterns in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Serum in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Pubmed:29429028
Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection Galectin-9-like from Angiostrongylus cantonensis young adult worms modulates eosinophil chemotaxis in vitro Doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2018.09.010
Oncology Letters The effects of Tim‑3 activation on T‑cells in gastric cancer progression
Scientific Reports Circulating levels of PD-L1 and Galectin-9 are associated with patient survival in surgically treated Hepatocellular Carcinoma independent of their intra … Pubmed: 31337865
Biomolecules Blood Levels of Galectin-9, an Immuno-Regulating Molecule, Reflects the Severity for the Acute and Chronic Infectious Diseases. Biomolecules 2021, 11, 430 33804076
Medicine Regulatory T cells, damage-associated molecular patterns, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid interlinked with chronic obstructive … Pubmed:35687771
Catalog No. Related products for research use of Homo sapiens (Human) Organism species Applications (RESEARCH USE ONLY!)
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