Insulin-2 (Ins2)

One functional neuroendocrine tumor that causes hypoglycemia due to inappropriately high insulin production is an insulinoma. In rats, two genes coding for insulin, insulin 1 (Ins1) and insulin 2 (Ins2) are found on chromosome 1. Ins1 was produced from an Ins2 transcript, and it was inserted into the genome via an RNA-mediated duplication-transposition event, according to some structural feature analyses.Mature insulin，consisting of two polypeptide chains,B and A, connected by two disulfide bridges, is the end product of the maturation of preproinsulin, a single precursor polypeptide chain of 110 amino acids. Ins2 and Ins1 are expressed in the pancreas and both encode proinsulin peptides composed of four parts: signal peptide, B chain, C-peptide, and A chain. Ins2 increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.