Phosphoglycerate Mutase 4 (PGAM4)

PGAM3 originated by retrotransposition. The parental gene, phosphoglycerate mutase-1 (PGAM1) is an intron-containing gene located on human chromosome 10q25.3, whereas PGAM3 contains no introns and resides on the X chromosome.Analyses of the sequences indicated the absence of insertions and deletions in the coding region, and substitution rates that suggested the action of positive selection. Amino acids known to be important in the active enzyme site of PGAM1 are conserved in human, chimpanzee, and macaque PGAM3 proteins.

PGAM3 contains no introns. It has a poly(A) tail 16 basepairs after the polyadenylation signal at the end of the 3-prime UTR and is flanked by 10-bp direct repeats, as expected for a processed gene.