Endocardial Fibroblasts (EnCF)

Endocardial fibroblasts are a specialized type of fibroblast that play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of the endocardium, which is the innermost layer of the heart. These fibroblasts are primarily responsible for the production and maintenance of the extracellular matrix (ECM) within the endocardium, which provides structural support and contributes to the normal functioning of the heart.

Endocardial fibroblasts are found in close proximity to the endocardial endothelial cells and cardiac myocytes, forming a complex cellular network within the heart. They are involved in processes such as tissue repair, remodeling, and response to injury in the heart. These cells respond to various signaling molecules, growth factors, and mechanical cues to regulate ECM synthesis and turnover.

The ECM produced by endocardial fibroblasts is essential for maintaining the structural integrity of the heart valves, supporting the electrical conduction system of the heart, and facilitating proper cardiac function. In addition, these fibroblasts play a role in modulating cell-cell interactions, regulating inflammation, and influencing the response to pathological stimuli in the heart.