Hesperidin is a flavanone glycoside found abundantly in citrus fruits. Its aglycone form is called hesperetin. Its name is derived from the word "hesperidium", the kind of fruit produced by citrus trees. Various preliminary studies reveal novel pharmaceutical properties, none of which has been confirmed as applicable to humans. Hesperidin reduced cholesterol and blood pressure in rats. In a mouse study, large doses of hesperidin decreased bone density loss. Another animal study showed protective effects against sepsis. In vitro and in laboratory research, hesperidin has anti-inflammatory effects. Hesperidin is also a potential sedative, possibly acting through opioid or adenosine receptors. Hesperidin exhibited pronounced anticancer activity against some selected human carcinoma cell lines. Hesperidine and its synthetic derivative diosmin, components of the drug Daflon, can have a conservative role against the symptoms of varicose veins.
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