Sorbitol Dehydrogenase (SDH)

Sorbitol dehydrogenase is an enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism converting sorbitol, the sugar alcohol form of glucose, into fructose. Together with aldose reductase, it provides a way for the body to produce fructose from glucose without using ATP. Sorbitol dehydrogenase uses NAD⁺ as a cofactor; its reaction is sorbitol + NAD⁺ + H⁺ --> fructose + NADH. A zinc ion is also involved in catalysis. Organs that use it most frequently include the liver and seminal vesicle; it is found in all kinds of organisms from bacteria to humans. A secondary use is the metabolism of dietary sorbitol, though sorbitol is known not to absorb as well in the intestine as its related compounds glucose and fructose, and is usually found in quite small amounts in the diet anyway (except when used as an artificial sweetener).