The International Agency for Research on Cancer estimates that 20% of people worldwide will develop cancer during their lifetime. Traditional surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are currently used as available clinical approaches for most cancer patients. Due to unavoidable resistance to drugs and radiation, traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy have poor efficacy. As one of the emerging cancer treatment methods using light as the medium, photothermal therapy (PTT), in which nanomaterials absorb energy from photons and dissipate it partially in the form of heat to trigger the death of cancer cells, has attracted significant attention due to its noninvasive nature, high specific......2024-01-08

Over 50 billion cells undergoapoptosiseach day in an adult human to maintain immunehomeostasis.Hydrogen sulfide(H2S) is also required to safeguard the function of immune response. However, it is unknown whether apoptosis regulates H2S production. Here, we show that apoptosis-deficient MRL/lpr(B6.MRL-Faslpr/J) and Bim−/−(B6.129S1-Bcl2l11tm1.1Ast/J) mice exhibit significantly reduced H2S levels along with aberrant differentiation ofTh17 cells, which can be rescued by the additional H2S. Moreover, apoptotic cells and vesicles (apoVs) express key H2S-generatingenzymesand generate a significant amount of H2S, indicating that apoptotic metabolism is an important source of H2S. Mechanisti......2024-01-02

Hydrocephalus is a kind of disease caused by excessive secretion of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)or circulation and absorption disorders resulting in increased intracranial CSFvolume, enlargement of ventricular system or progressive enlargement of subarachnoid space. Hydrocephalus can be either primary or secondary to trauma, spontaneous hemorrhage, infection, tumor, etc., and can also co occur with neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. It can occur at all ages, especially in infants and the elderly. The etiology of hydrocephalus is complex and difficult to treat. It can either threaten human health as an independent disease, or aggravate the disease wit......2023-12-29

Depression impacts approximately 10% of the population worldwide and is a major cause of disability and suicide. The core characteristics of depressive symptoms include low mood, decreased interest or pleasure in activities, lack of concentration, excessive guilt or low self-worth, changes in appetite and weight, insomnia or drowsiness, fatigue, cognitive impairment, and suicidal thoughts.Depression is the result of a combination of social, psychological, and biological factors. People who have experienced adverse events in their lives (such as unemployment, bereavement, or trauma) are more likely to suffer from depression. Depression, in turn, can lead to greater stress and dysfunctio......2023-12-25

Dysfunctional interactions between neural and immune cells are increasingly recognized to initiate and perpetuate neuroinflammation, contributing to white matter pathology and neurological dysfunction. Oligodendrocyte-lineage cells are immunocompetent glial cells and actively participate in these processes. Axon degeneration in central nervous system disorders is most often proposed to be a consequence of chronic myelin and oligodendrocyte loss and the increased vulnerability of denuded axons to a toxic microenvironment.However, the relationship between immune reactions, demyelination, axon degeneration, and clinical disease is unclear, and many observations indicate that loss of myeli......2023-12-21

Since the first member of the Wnt family was identified in 1982, studies on Wnt signalling have been steadily increasing. The Wnt signalling pathways include noncanonical and canonical pathways. The noncanonical Wnt pathways are independent of β-catenin-T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor (TCF/LEF). The canonical Wnt pathway, also known as the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, involves the nuclear translocation of β-catenin and activation of target genes via TCF/LEF transcription factors. The canonical Wnt pathway mainly controls cell proliferation, whereas the noncanonical Wnt pathways regulate cell polarity and migration, and the two main pathways form a network of mutual regulati......2023-12-18